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Responses of carbon metabolism and antioxidant system of summer maize to waterlogging at different stages 下载免费PDF全文
A field experiment was performed to explore responses of carbon metabolism, antioxidant system and endogenous hormone content of summer maize hybrids DengHai605 (DH605) and ZhengDan958 (ZD958) to waterlogging at the third leaf stage (V3), the sixth leaf stage (V6) and the 10th day after the tasselling stage (10VT). Results showed that waterlogging significantly decreased the contents of zeatin riboside (ZR), indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA), compared to those of CK. However, leaf abscisic acid (ABA) content was significantly increased by waterlogging at different stages, with the most significant increase was found in the treatment of waterlogging at V3 (V3‐W), with an increase of 30% and 29% for DH605 and ZD958, respectively. Waterlogging significantly decreased antioxidative enzyme activities, accelerating leaf senescence, resulted in the disorder of leaf gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. In addition, waterlogging decreased key enzyme activities of carbon metabolism (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase), with the most significant reduction in V3‐W, with a decrease of 46% and 49% for DH605, and 53% and 55% for ZD958, respectively. Visibly, waterlogging disturbed carbon metabolism, affected plant endogenous hormone content, accelerated leaf senescence and eventually resulted in a significant reduction in photosynthetic characteristic and grain yield. V3 was most susceptible to waterlogging, followed by V6 and 10VT. 相似文献
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Deng-Hang Yu Jia-Zhi Chang Gui-Fang Dong Jun Liu 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(5):1413-1420
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the replacement of fish oil (FO) by soybean oil (SO) on growth performance, liver lipid peroxidation, and biochemical composition in juvenile Chinese sucker, Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Fish (13.7 ± 0.2 g) in triplicate were fed five experimental diets in which 0% (FO as control), 40% (SO40), 60% (SO60), 80% (SO40), and 100% (SO100) FO were replaced by SO. The body weight gain of fish fed SO40, SO60, or SO80 diet was similar to FO group, but diets that have 100% soybean oil as dietary lipid significantly reduced fish growth (P < 0.05). Although the level of SO resulted in increasing crude lipid content of the liver, the level of SO did not significantly alter the hepatosomatic index (HSI). Indicators of peroxidation, such as vitamin E (VE) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) contents, were changed as increasing dietary SO. It was shown that the inclusion of SO in the diets increased VE concentrations, but reduced TBARS in the liver and total cholesterol (T-CHO) in the plasma. Linoleic acid (LA) and linolenic acid (LNA) significantly increased in fish liver fed diets that contained SO, but eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the ratio n-3/n-6 were significantly reduced by the inclusion of dietary SO (P < 0.05). Our results indicated that the inclusion of SO increased the hepatic VE content and reduced lipid peroxidation in fish. However, diet containing 100% SO as dietary lipid could reduce growth performance. Thus, we recommended that 40–80% SO can be used as dietary lipid to replace FO for juvenile Chinese sucker. 相似文献
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G.F. Dong Y.O. Yang F. Yao L. Chen D.D. Yue D.H. Yu F. Huang J. Liu L.H. Liu 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2017,23(1):101-110
Fish growth is an important index in aquaculture practice. However, the effect of growth under restricted feeding on quality of fish grown to the same size remains poorly unknown. In this study, yellow catfish were reared by feeding them at three different feeding rates such as low (FR‐L group), medium (FR‐M group) and high (apparent satiation) ration levels for 82, 58 and 34 days to reach the same size, respectively. After this period, the growth performance, whole‐body amino acid composition and fatty acid profile of the fish were evaluated. Feeding restriction led to significant decreases in specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. Significant increases in dry matter, protein and energy contents were observed in fish under both restricted feeding treatments. FR‐L‐treated fish had significantly lower whole‐body essential amino acid contents, and significantly higher Ala and non‐essential amino acid contents compared to fish fed to satiation. Fish in restricted feeding treatments had significantly higher n‐3 PUFA and n‐3/n‐6 ratio compared to the fish fed to satiation. The present results indicate that from a quality perspective, there are certain advantages in improvement of whole‐body composition and enrichment of n‐3 PUFA associated with the restricted feeding of yellow catfish at slow growth rate. 相似文献
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大豆异黄酮是苯丙氨酸代谢途径中合成的一类次级代谢产物,在苯丙氨酸代谢途径中,苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)是关键酶和限速酶。本课题组前期研究发现PAL基因的相对表达量与大豆异黄酮含量具有明显的协同增减趋势,并且在PAL基因家族成员时空表达模式分析中发现,PAL2-3(XM_003542493)是PAL基因家族中相对表达量较高的主要表达成员之一。本试验首先通过克隆大豆中PAL2-3基因;然后构建pCAMBIA3301-GmPAL2-3植物过表达载体,将构建好的pCAMBIA3301-GmPAL2-3表达载体重组质粒转化到根癌农杆菌EHA105中;采用农杆菌介导的大豆子叶节转化体系获得转化植株,并对T1代转化植株进行PPT检测,外源标记基因Bar检测以及荧光定量PCR检测,对转基因阳性植株进行大豆籽粒异黄酮含量的测定。结果表明T_1代转基因植株中PAL2-3基因的表达量是对照的5.11~11.24倍,总异黄酮含量最高的(2 587.63μg·g~(-1))是对照(1 616.90μg·g~(-1))的1.6倍。因此在大豆中过量表达PAL2-3基因可以提高大豆籽粒中异黄酮含量。 相似文献
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为了探讨褪黑素(MT)和脱落酸(ABA)两者混合施用对植物响应干旱胁迫的综合效应,以盆栽‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄为材料,通过根灌100μmol·L~(-1)的MT溶液和叶面喷施50μmol·L~(-1)的ABA溶液及二者组合处理,研究MT和ABA对干旱胁迫下葡萄生理特性的影响。结果表明,与干旱对照组(D_(ck))相比,MT处理导致葡萄叶片MDA、H_2O_2含量和相对电导率分别降低了14.42%、44.11%和21.26%,叶片相对含水量提高了1.12%,同时SOD和POD酶活性分别提高了14.00%和3.01%。这些均表明MT处理有效缓解了干旱胁迫对植株造成的损伤。50μmol·L~(-1 )的ABA处理组叶片MDA含量和相对电导率较干旱对照组提高了9.43%和17.25%,表明ABA处理没有缓解植株的胁迫状态。MT和ABA组合处理具有和MT处理类似的效果。结果表明,褪黑素可以通过减轻膜脂过氧化程度,增强抗氧化系统能力,从而缓解干旱胁迫对葡萄的氧化损伤,提高抗旱性;同时削弱ABA带来的负面效应。 相似文献
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本文针对近年来黄淮地区高温频发的气候条件限制,综合当前国内外研究进展,分别从产量和干物质积累、光合、花粉及授粉受精、子粒灌浆、子粒品质和内源激素等6个方面分析了高温胁迫对玉米生产的影响。结果表明:高温对玉米授粉结实、干物质积累及内源激素含量产生影响,降低了玉米光合速率及子粒灌浆速率,从而降低子粒产量。此外,高温提高子粒中蛋白质含量,使淀粉及脂肪含量相对降低,影响子粒品质。结果表明,通过选育、选用抗(耐)高温品种,配以外源激素及微肥的使用,采用适当晚播及合适的水肥栽培措施,可达玉米抗高温高效生产。 相似文献